Uzbekistan celebrates October 21 as “Uzbek Language Day”, a date that honors the nation’s rich linguistic and cultural heritage. The occasion commemorates the adoption of the decree “On measures to radically increase the prestige and status of the Uzbek language as the state language” by President Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev, who officially designated October 21, 2019, as a national historical holiday.
The celebration is deeply rooted in history. On October 21, 1989, Uzbekistan adopted the landmark Law “On the State Language”, two years before the country declared its independence. This legislation was a defining step in recognizing the Uzbek language as a key pillar of national identity and governance.
Later, in 1992, the fundamental principles of the 1989 law were enshrined in Article 4 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which states: “The state language of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the Uzbek language. The Republic of Uzbekistan ensures respect for the languages, customs, and traditions of all nationalities and ethnic groups residing on its territory and creates conditions for their development.” This constitutional article reflects Uzbekistan’s inclusive approach toward linguistic and cultural diversity.
The Uzbek language, spoken by the majority of the population, stands as a central medium of cultural expression, education, and social unity across the nation. It not only connects citizens but also embodies the collective spirit and identity of the Uzbek people.
Today, Uzbekistan is home to more than 150 national cultural centers, where various communities thrive alongside the Uzbek language.
The country’s media operates in multiple languages, including Karakalpak, Russian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, and Turkmen, while the education system functions in seven different languages — a distinctive model of multilingual inclusivity admired worldwide. Additionally, the growing number of institutions specializing in foreign languages reflects Uzbekistan’s commitment to cultural openness and educational progress.
Language has always served as a unifying force in the political, social, and cultural life of a nation. It is noteworthy that the Uzbek language ranks among the 40 most widely spoken languages globally, with nearly 50 million speakers. This impressive number highlights the expanding global presence and influence of the Uzbek language.
In recent years, the Uzbek government has introduced a range of initiatives and reforms to promote the use, development, and digital visibility of the Uzbek language. These efforts reflect a broader national strategy aimed at strengthening cultural identity and advancing education.
To support these goals, the Department for the Development of the State Language and the Fund for the Development of the Uzbek Language operate under the Cabinet of Ministers. Moreover, the Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature, named after Alisher Navoi, has established new directions in applied philology and computer linguistics. The university also runs a Center for Teaching and Improving the Basics of Working in the State Language, six specialized training courses, and the Alisher Navoi International Fund.
Efforts to promote the Uzbek language have also resulted in the publication of 16 new books, including nine specialized dictionaries, to support language study and teaching. An online platform for foreigners to learn Uzbek, a mobile app for the Uzbek explanatory dictionary, and a dedicated website for the Uzbek diaspora have also been launched, reflecting modern approaches to language preservation and promotion.
Uzbekistan’s membership in the Cooperation Council of Turkic-Speaking States further enhances the global prestige of Turkic languages, especially Uzbek. Within this framework, the country initiated the establishment of the Alisher Navoi International Award, underscoring its commitment to promoting linguistic and cultural unity among Turkic nations.
Ultimately, the Uzbek language remains a symbol of national pride, unity, and identity—a cornerstone of the state and a vital expression of the nation’s soul. As Uzbekistan continues its journey of cultural development, the preservation and promotion of the Uzbek language stand as essential duties for every citizen.
Through ongoing reforms and educational initiatives, the country reaffirms its dedication to ensuring that the Uzbek language continues to flourish, both at home and on the international stage.
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